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Diathesis, dermatitis, eczema. All these are designations of an allergic rash that appears in your child for any reason. But how do you know what caused this attack? Grandma's cake? A pet named Bono? Or is allergic dermatitis in children of a more complex nature?
In this article, we will answer these and many other questions. We will also tell you how to preserve the health of your child and save him from unnecessary treatment.
Why does a child get a rash?
Let's start by busting the myths about allergies. The first of them says that the cause of dermatitis is exclusively an allergy to certain foods and medicines. In fact, the list of possible allergens and their routes of entry is extremely diverse. It can range from the "traditional culprits" of oranges and chocolate to more exotic allergens like mom's roses, baby soap, or new pajamas. Even proprietary infant formula can cause an allergy attack. And here we come to the next erroneous judgment.
The second well-known misconception about allergic dermatitis in children is the opinion that even a small portion of the allergen can cause it. In reality, the situation is much more complicated. In most cases, it is not the presence of allergens that is decisive, but their quantity. For example, a child can safely eat a piece of chocolate or candy. But already half a tile will turn him into an allergy monster.
The reason for this lies in the characteristics of the child's body. He simply cannot process large portions of food. And when its amount exceeds a certain threshold, even the most wholesome food turns into poison. And since children can absorb almost unlimited amounts of tasty treats, it is not surprising that almost all children's treats are listed as major allergens.
Allergic dermatitis in children is caused precisely by the presence of a persistent allergy to a particular product or substance. And here you can not do without medical help. At least in order to accurately identify harmful allergens.
Diagnosis of the disease
Allergic dermatitis in children is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Redness of the skin with a rash on the face, neck, elbows and knees. In severe cases, the rash may cover the entire body;
- Itching and burning in places where the rash appears. When combing, abscesses may appear due to an infection;
- In rare cases - diarrhea.
At the first manifestations of dermatitis, it is recommended to consult a pediatrician. First of all, in order to exclude the possibility of more severe diseases with similar symptoms. Laboratory tests will also help identify specific allergy causative agents and prescribe the correct course of rehabilitation.
In addition to standard allergen tests, the doctor may also prescribe a number of additional studies. In particular, tests for intestinal dysbacteriosis. A similar disease is a frequent companion of the food form of dermatitis. Especially if it is caused by overeating.
Treatment methods
Like most childhood diseases, a course of treatment for allergic dermatitis in children should be prescribed by a specialist based on the results of a comprehensive examination. The reason for this lies not only in the fragility and sensitivity of the child's body, but also in a strictly individual reaction to various drugs. And the dosage recommended by the manufacturer does not always meet the real needs of the course of treatment.
In the treatment of childhood dermatitis, the following types of drugs can be used:
- General antihistamines of the third generation. They are simple, versatile and have mild side effects. As a result, they can be used effectively even in the absence of a doctor's prescription. Although this is strongly discouraged;
- External preparations based on topical steroids. First of all, various sprays, ointments and lotions. Like third-generation antihistamines, they are devoid of most of the negative effects of their predecessors. However, it should be noted that the use of hormonal drugs is possible only as directed by a doctor;
- Cromon preparations. The newest category of allergy drugs based on cromoglycate and nedocromil sodium. They are quite safe and effective, but require long courses of treatment. However, if the cause of allergic dermatitis in children is an allergy to dust or another allergen, then such a disadvantage turns into a virtue.
In addition, you can relieve the symptoms of childhood eczema using the following improvised means:
- Compresses from a decoction of oak bark, calendula;
- Celery, cucumber or apple juice;
- Ointment based on sea buckthorn oil and melted animal fat.
An important element of treatment is a hypoallergenic diet. In addition to eliminating the most allergenic foods from the diet, portion sizes are of great importance here. As we said above, the most common cause of food allergies in children is overeating.
Disease prevention
In the case of allergic dermatitis in children, measures to prevent it can bring a very tangible effect from the first days of use. In some cases, they can even replace medical intervention.
As a preventive measure, it is recommended:
- In case of identifying specific allergens, to isolate the child from contact with them as much as possible;
- Give any "allergenic" foods only in small portions, carefully monitoring the reaction of your child's body to them. You can increase the size of portions only in the absence of allergic reactions;
- Don't try to force feed your baby. At the same time, do not allow him to snack between meals. The main reason for "poor appetite" is a serving of treats eaten half an hour before dinner;
- Dress your child appropriately for the weather. According to the observations of pediatricians, the disease most often occurs in "overheated" children. In addition, too warm clothes cause increased sweating, increasing the risk of colds;
- To prevent contact form of allergic dermatitis in children, carefully monitor their skin reaction to new types of soaps, detergents, and fabrics. Keep in mind that even natural fabrics can cause allergies. First of all, because of the dyes used. Pay special attention to the choice of children's cosmetics;
- If the allergy is caused by respiratory allergens, try to clear the nursery of potential dust traps. First of all - carpets, heavy curtains and soft toys. Try to carry out wet cleaning more often and ventilate the room. The latter is best done with an air conditioner equipped with filters.
And most importantly, don't worry. Children's allergies are an unpleasant thing, but quite common. And in most cases, it disappears as soon as your child grows up. In the meantime, be careful and do not hesitate to seek medical advice. Still, children's ailments are best left to professionals.
